Combined day and sleeping car



(No Model.) 4 SheetsSheet 1.

J. L. BIXBY, J1". COMBINED DAY AND SLEEPING GAR.

Patented Jan. 7, 1896.

AN DREW BJSHAMM PHOTD-LITNO WASHINGTON, [1C

(No Modl.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

I J. L. BIXBY,J1.

COMBINED DAY AND SLEEPING GAR.

No. 552,629. Patented-Jan. '7, 1896.

ANDREW [GRAHAM PNUID'IGTNOWASHINGYON. 0.0

4 Shets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

J. L. BIX'BY r. I COMBINED DAY AND SLEEPING OAR.

Patented Jan. 7 1896.

ANDREW BIRAIIAM, PHOTO-LITNQWASIHNGTONJQ (No Model.) 4 Sh'eetsSheet 4.J. L. BIXBY, J1

COMBINED DAY AND SLEEPING GAR.

No. 552,629. Patented Jan. 7, 1896.

ANDREW BJERAIMM. PHUTO-UTHQWASNIDFI'DN. DE.

NITED STATES l j PATENT 1 OFFICE.

JOHN I1. BIXBY, JR, OF ARLINGTON HEIGHTS, MASSACHUSETTS.

COMBINED DAY AND SLEEPING CAR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Fatent No. 552,629, dated January7, 1896.

. application filed February 23, 1895. Serial No. 539,350. (NomocleL) ToaZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN L. BIXBY, J r., of

Arlington Heights, county of Middlesex, State of Massachusetts, haveinvented an Improvement in a Combined Day and Sleeping Car, of which thefollowing description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, isa specification, like letters on the drawings repre senting'like parts.

This invention relates to combined day and sleeping cars, having upperand lower berths arranged in independent or isolated state'- rooms orcompartments,wl1ereby the occupant of each berth is accordedstrictprivacy.

In another application, Serial No. 527,218, filed October 29, 1894, Ihave shown and claimed a' novel arrangement or grouping of state-roomshaving L-shaped sections, wherebya large number of independentstate-rooms or compartments are concentrated in the smallest possiblespace, the L-shaped'stata rooms in my said application being arrangedwith the horizontal portion of one crossing the top or bottom of thevertical or standing portion of the other of the same group.

My present invention has for its object to improve the car shown anddescribed in my previous application referred to, andIaccomplish thisobject by arranging the sleeping portions of the two staterooms of asingle group one directly above the other,the standing portions of thetwo state-rooms'biein g at the same side of their respective sleepingportions, and preferably side by side.- By

this arrangement I am enabled to enter both state-rooms from the side ofthe car.

In my former application referred to, the day-seats are at night droppedto the floorlevel and so turned as to constitute a mattress-support forthe lower berth.

In my present invention the seats are simply turned into proper positionwithout dropping them, and the mattress laid upon the same, one of theseats being preferably employed as a support to hold the folding partsof the upper berth or berths in proper position when in use.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a horizontal section through the middle orbody portion of a car of usual construction, said figure showing foursections of the car, the seats in two of the sections at the left beingshown as arranged for day service, the seats in the upper right-handcorner being shown as arranged for night service without the mattressthereupon, and at the lower right-hand corner arranged to show themattress resting there upon. i Fig. 2 is a vertical section through theaisle of a car, showing at the right the berths or state-rooms with thelower portion 1 of the curtain removed, while at the left the curtain isshown in position, concealing the parts back of it. Fig. 3 is a verticalsection, on an enlarged scale, taken on the dotted line 00 01:, Fig. 2,looking to the right, showing the curtains in position. Fig. 4 is avertical section on the'dotted line 00 00, Fig. 2, also looking to theright; Fig. 5, a perspective view showing the parts in readiness fornight service, and Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the folding orclosing of the upper state-room.

Referring to the drawings, in the embodiment of my invention there shownto enable my invention to be understood, A is the floor of a railway-carof usual construction, A being the side Walls fitted with usual mainwindows a and transom-windows a and A the roof of usual construction.

WVithin the car-body I use state -rooms having L-shaped sections as inmy previous application; but in my present invention I arrange alongopposite sides thereof, one preferably opposite each window, thereclining chairs or seatsB, shown as comprising a seat portion 19 and aback 1') hinged to the seat at 11 the seat being herein shown asprovided with suitable guides 1) adapted to slide upon a head If,pivoted at b to and adapted to revolve on a suitable standard I). Theseat is clamped in position upon the head If by means of a suitableclamping device, as a screw 12 (See Fig. 4.)

Between each pair of windows on each side of the car I have arrangedelevated partitions c, which start preferably at a level between themain and transom windows a and a and swing in a curve approximating thatof the roof across, over the aisle, to the opposite side of the car, andbetween each pair of elevated partitions o, I have arranged the upperberths d, in the present instance madehollow to receive themattress-support d and the mattress d resting thereupon, as indicated indotted lines, Fig. 4.

The inner half or portion of the upperberth d is divided from the outerportion next the car-wall, and is hinged thereto, as shown at (1 Fig. 4,and adapted to be turned into its dotted position, as indicated in saidfigure. The hinged portion ofthe upper berth d at one end is shownprovided with an extension portion d, (shown best in Fig. 5,) of alength substantially half that of the upper berth, and of a widthapproximately equaling that of said berth, it reaching to the middleaisle of the car, said extension portion d having an upturned edge orflange at, (best shown in Fig. 5,) said flange d being connected at itsend with the upper berth proper by an inwardly and downwardly curvingflange-piece d, as shown. At its opposite end the upper berth d isprovided with a similar inwardly and downwardly curved flange-piece (1to the lower edge of which is hinged at d the aisle -section 61 which,when turned into its f ull-line position, Fig. 6, forms a substantialcontinuation to the extension portion 61 said side portion d having aflange d, which, when the said side portion is raised, forms acontinuation of the flange C1 The side member (1 and the extension (1may be locked together in their dotted positions, Fig. 2, by a suitablelocking device al (See Fig. 2.) To the inner edge of the extension (1is'hinged at (Z a side member (1, to the lower edge of which is hingedat (Z the platform (Z resting at its edge opposite the hinge (Z upon oneor more lips (Z on the side member (1 (Shown in Figs. 2 and 4.) Steps (Zare hinged in suitable manner to the side of the platform 6 The platformc at its side adjacent the wall of the car is shown provided with adepending locking-plate (1", adapted to be inserted in a correspondingsocket or eye formed by a plate c1 suitably attached to the back of oneof the chairs.

Referring to Fig. 5, which shows the parts in posit-ion for nightservice, the operation necessary to convert the parts into suitablecondition for day service is as follows, viz: The platform cl is-firstturned back against the side member (Z as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 6,and the steps d are turned inwardly and folded against the under side ofthe platform in its vertical position. The side member 61 is then turnedabout its hinges (Z into horizontal position, (indicated by full lines,Fig. 6,) and the side member (Z turned about its hinges also intohorizontal position under and supporting the side member (Z as shown,the said side member (1 being locked to and so as to form in effect acontinuation of the extension portion d by means of the locking device dreferred to. The mattress for the lower berth is now placed upon the topof the mattress d for the upper berth, and the movable portion of theupper berth turned bodily about its hinges d against the roof of thecar, as shown in dotted lines, Fig. 4. The chairs 1) are now turned intosuitable position and the transformation is complete.

To convert the car from day to night service the two chairs beneath theupper berth in the section in which the transformation is to be made areturned into their positions shown at the upper right-hand corner of Fig.1, the first chair being turned into position facing the window and slidbodily to the right on its guideways, as shown, its next adjacent chairbeing turned back. to it, and its back turned down into horizontalposition, with its free endthat is,its top-resting upon a suitableflange b standing from under side of the seat of the other chairreferred to. The upper berth is now turned down into a horizontalposition, Figs. 3, 4 and .5, and the mattress m for the lower berthremoved and placed upon the chairs, as shown at the lower right-handcorner, Figs. 1 and 5. The side member (1 is now turned into itsposition, Fig. 5, and the side member d and platform (Z in turn swunginto the positions there shown, and the transformation from day to nightservice is complete.

To isolate the compartments one from the other, I provide suitablecurtains as follows, Viz: The elevated portions 0 c are provided atopposite sides of the ear with curtain-rods e 6, upon which are hungsuitable curtains 6. These curtains when drawn toward the aisle of thecar to the ends of their rods e form the ends of the lower state-room,the ends of the upper state-room being formed by the upper partitions cc and the side members d 61 A third curtain e normally concealed in theupper berth, and removed when the said upper berth is lowered, is nowdropped in front of and concealing the entire section, as shown in Fig.2, this curtain being run upon a suitable rod 6 at the top of the car.The curtain c is herein shown as slitted in a vertical line 6 in orderthat it maybe thrown aside to permit the occupant of the upperstate-room to reach the platform d by means of the steps d, after whichit may be drawn together and suitably fastened at the inside. The saidcurtain is also preferably slitted along the vertical line 6 to enablethe occupant of the lower state-room to enter the latter, he fasteningit together at the inside as in the case of the upper state-room. Thecurtain e is also fastened to and along the line of the several.partitions or members dividing the state-rooms of the group, and to theend curtain of the group in suitable manner. A curtain f attached to theedge of the upper berth and to the inner edge of the platform (1 as wellas to the edges of the side members (Z and (Z forms a partition betweenthe standing room of the upper state-room and the sleeping portion ofthe lower state-room.

It will thus be seen that in the space of a section, known as such inusual sleepingears of to-day, I provide two berths, an upper and alower, arranged in two state-rooms completely independent-that is,isolated one from the other-leaving the occupant of either one in entireseclusion from the remainder of the car, an d from the occupant of theother state-room of its group.

My improved car will accommodate as many individuals as will the usualsleeping-car of to-day of the same size,

The curtains e and 6 may be fastened to the frame of the car in suitablemanner; but I prefer that the end curtains e be held down by a suitablerod 6 passing along the bottom of the curtain and screwed'into asuitable socket in the wall of the car.

\Vhen the transformation from night to day service is made, this rod isunscrewed and turned into a vertical position against the wall of thecar, the curtain having been slid down on its curtain-rod c and tied inattractive manner against the wall of the car, the several curtains ateach side of the car thus forming, in effect, draperies, which addrather than detract from the interior appearance of the car.

The extension portion 61" of the upper berth provides a convenient seat,and also a place for storing packages or articles of clothing, and asimilar storage place beneath the platform (1 is also provided for theoccupant of the lower state-room.

In the drawings I have shown the upper berth as provided with a step ghinged to the side member (Z at g, so that it may be folded against thesaid side member when the transformation from day service to nightservice is to be made.

The lower berth may be made up and used without the upper if a singleoccupant wishes to have the entire section to himself, and if it isdesired to divide off the car to isolate any section during the day-timethe curtains e and 6 may be thrown around the section, thus forming anattractive and convenient means for giving to any party desiredseelusion.

The sleeping portions of the two staterooms, which are those portionscontaining the berths or mattresses, are, it will be noticed, onevertically above the other, and the standing portions of the twostate-rooms are at the same side of their respective sleeping portionsand are also side by side, and these standing portions with the adjacentportions for the storage of packages or articles of clothing referred toconstitute L-shaped sections, so that each state-room, as herein shown,comprises a horizontal or sleeping portion, which is that portioncontaining the berth or mattress, and an L-shaped section comprising thestan dingportion, which is the vertical portion of the L, and thebaggage or storage portion, which is the horizontal portion of the L,these L-sections being arranged with the horizontal I portion of onecrossing the top or bottom of the vertical portion of the other much asin my previous application referred to. The staterooms also presentL-shaped sections grouped as described upon a section taken on avertical plane transversely of the car through the standing platform foran upper berth.

.The upper berth may be locked in its elevated position in any suitableor desired manner.

My invention is not limited to the particular construction herein shown,for the same may be varied without departing from the spirit and scopeof the invention, and it is evident that while I have herein shown myimproved state-rooms as they will be used in railway-cars, yet the samegrouping is adapted forsteamships or for other uses.

1. The combination with a body, of the staterooms having L-shapedsections grouped as described, with the horizontal portions of the saidL-shaped sections extended respectively over and under the verticalportion of the L-shaped section of the adjacent stateroom, and mattresssupports in the respective staterooms and arranged one vertically orsubstantially so above the other, substantially as described.

2. The combination with a body, of the upper and lower staterooms,arranged as described with the sleeping portions arranged one above theother, and having L-shaped sections grouped as described with thehorizontal portions of the said L-shaped sections extended respectivelyover and under the vertical portions of the L-shaped sections of theadjacent state-roomand at one side the sleeping portions, substantiallyas described.

The combination with a body, of the up per and lower state-rooms,arranged as described, with the sleeping portions one above the other,and having L- shaped sections grouped as described with the horizontalportion of the said L-shaped sections extended respectively over andunder the vertical portions of the L-shaped sections of the adjacentstate-room, and at one side the said sleeping portions and folding ormovable partitions dividing and inclosing the said state-rooms, substantially as described.

4. A body, an upper'hinged berth, and a standing platform carriedthereby and adapted to be dropped below the said berth when the latteris to be used and to be folded up with said berth when not in use,substantially as described.

5. A body, an upper hinged berth provided with a standing platform, andside members hinged to the upper berth and adapted when dropped tosupport the said platform, sub stantially as described.

6. A body an upper hinged berth provided with the standing platform, andside members therefor; and the steps depending from the said standingplatform, substantially as described.

7. A body, the chairs therein adapted to be positioned to receive andsupport a mattress, the upper hinged berth provided with a stand ingplatform adapted to be dropped for use, and the side members supportingthe said standing platform, substantially as described.

8. A body, rotatable chairs therein, one of which is provided with ahinge back adapted to be turned into horizontal position to constitutewith its seat and the seat of the adjacent chair a mattress-support; andan upper hinged berth provided with a standing platform adapted to bedropped for use, and the side members supporting the same, substantiallyas described.

9. A body, the elevated partitions c constituting the ends for the upperstate-room, the upper berth hinged to swing between the said partitionsand provided with a standing platform adapted to be dropped for use; andthe JOHN L. BIXBY, JR. Witnesses:

FREDERICK L. EMERY, EMMA J. BENNETT.

